Naan | Description, History, Ingredients, Preparation, & Varieties (2024)

naan, teardrop-shaped, leavened flatbread traditionally baked in a tandoor oven (a beehive-shaped clay oven) or on wood charcoal. Although still a staple of South Asian and Middle Eastern cuisines—and especially associated with Indian cuisine—the versatility and flavor of naan have led to its incorporation into many different dishes and cuisines worldwide.

Ingredients and preparation

Naan is a single-layer bread with a light and slightly fluffy texture and golden-brown spots from the baking process. It is made primarily from white flour or wheat flour and a leavening agent (usually yeast), which results in the formation of air pockets in the dough that impart fluffiness and softness. Other ingredients used to make naan include warm water, salt, ghee (clarified butter), and yogurt. In some cases, milk, egg, or honey may be added, and baking powder or baking soda may be substituted for yeast, which shortens the amount of time needed to prepare the bread.

When baked in a tandoor, balls of naan dough are rolled flat and then pressed against the inside walls of the tandoor, which can reach a temperature of 480 °C (900 °F). The bread bakes in just several minutes, browning in spots from the heat. Naan also can be made on a stovetop on a flat pan called a tawa, with the baker flipping the pan upside down over the flame to achieve the characteristic browning of the bread’s surface.

Once naan is baked, it usually is brushed with ghee or butter and served hot. The soft, flexible bread often accompanies the main meal and serves in place of utensils to scoop dahls, sauces, stews, and curries. It is also eaten with dry dishes, such as tandoori chicken.

Varieties

There are different varieties of naan, some of which are filled. To make filled naan, during preparation, the ball of dough is rolled flat, and the baker places the filling in the middle. The dough is then folded and carefully rolled flat again, with the filling in the center. Among the varieties of filled naan are: keema naan, which contains spiced lamb; Peshawari naan, which is sweet, being filled with combinations of coconut, raisins, sultanas, and nuts; Kashmiri naan, which uses candied cherries, golden raisins, almonds, cumin, and fenugreek; aloo naan, which contains spiced mashed potatoes; garlic naan, which has garlic pressed into the bread’s surface or mixed into the dough; and nan-e roghani, which is an Afghan naan prepared with nigella seeds, sesame seeds, and extra oil for a soft, pillowy texture.

History

The history of flatbreads extends back thousands of years to the civilizations of Mesopotamia, ancient Egypt, and the Indus valley. The word naan comes from the Persian nân-e sangak, meaning “bread baked on [hot] pebbles.” In 1300 ce, Indian poet Amīr Khosrow documented two kinds of naan: naan-e-tunuk (light or thin bread) and naan-e-tanuri (bread cooked in a tandoor oven).

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Due to the lengthy process of making a leavened bread, naan historically was available primarily to royalty. The breads, accompanied with kebabs and keema (minced-beef curry), became popular among the Mughal nobility in the 1500s. About 1799, the word naan was introduced into the English language by historian and clergyman William Tooke. Today, naan can be found worldwide in restaurants serving South Asian and Middle Eastern cuisine, and it is available in many supermarkets. Fusion cuisine has introduced new dishes that incorporate naan, including naan pizza and naan tacos and even huevos rancheros (an egg dish) served over naan.

Jennifer Murtoff

Naan | Description, History, Ingredients, Preparation, & Varieties (2024)

FAQs

Naan | Description, History, Ingredients, Preparation, & Varieties? ›

Naan is a single-layer bread with a light and slightly fluffy texture and golden-brown spots from the baking process. It is made primarily from white flour or wheat flour and a leavening agent (usually yeast), which results in the formation of air pockets in the dough that impart fluffiness and softness.

What is the history of the naan? ›

originating from over 2,500 years ago, naan, today identified as a leavened indian flatbread, traces its history back to old iran or persia, where the word “naan” referred to bread baked on hot pebbles.

What is traditional naan made of? ›

Flour, yeast, milk, and butter make a tender dough that's simply seasoned with garlic and salt, but there is a wide array of naan bread flavors. You'll find everything from coconut and raisin-stuffed bread to saucy lamb-topped naan in restaurants and home kitchens around the world.

What are the variations of naan bread? ›

Some of the most popular flavoured variations are plain naan, Peshwari naan, garlic and coriander naan and cheese naan. A good plain naan dough needs strong bread flour, yeast, black onion seeds, milk, and yoghurt – to give the naan that tanginess.

What makes naan bread different? ›

The name comes from the Persian word, non, for bread. Unlike pita, naan has yogurt, milk, and sometimes eggs or butter in it, resulting in a softer texture. When the dough is made, bakers shape it into a ball and slap it on the interior walls of a tandoor, a clay oven. The bread puffs up and bubbles as it cooks.

What is an interesting fact about naan bread? ›

The word naan comes from the Persian nân-e sangak, meaning “bread baked on [hot] pebbles.” In 1300 ce, Indian poet Amīr Khosrow documented two kinds of naan: naan-e-tunuk (light or thin bread) and naan-e-tanuri (bread cooked in a tandoor oven).

What is special about naan? ›

Simply put, naan is more nutrient-dense than pita or white bread. While it may contain more carbs and sugars, it earns its reputation as a healthy alternative with its relatively generous amounts of protein and fiber.

Why is naan unhealthy? ›

Skip: Naan

And like those fluffy spuds, this soft flatbread has little nutritional value. Most naan recipes call for Greek yogurt to give it that airy texture. But that's more than offset by less healthy ingredients like white flour, sugar, and oil.

What are the black bits in naan? ›

Its just the heat that creats the black spots after been cooked. Yeah, if its stale and you find those spots its a big no no. otherwise its only the heat that makes roti naan paratha etc indian bread look like black or brown or red spots on these edibles. Completely edible …

What is the difference between Afghan naan and indian naan? ›

Afghan naan is different in shape, texture, and taste from Indian varieties. While the main ingredient – wheat flour – is the same, Afghan bakers hand-shape the dough, rather than rolling it out, and their use of a tandoor results in large, pillowy rounds.

What bread is closest to naan? ›

Kulcha. This next bread is often confused with naan due to its similar appearance. While naan is usually made with yeast and yogurt or milk, kulcha is usually made with baking powder and baking soda.

Which is healthier bread or naan? ›

Which is healthier: bread or naan? Naan is a flatbread, whereas bread comes in loaves. Naan is higher in fat, protein, and carbohydrates than loaf bread. The higher protein content of naan will allow you to feel fuller for longer and curve cravings.

What's another name for naan? ›

Naan
Alternative namesNan, Noon, Paan, Faan
Region or stateIran, Indian subcontinent, Afghanistan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, and the Caribbean
Main ingredientsFlour, yeast, salt, sugar, ghee, water
Media: Naan
1 more row

What does yogurt do in naan? ›

Here's what you'll need to make this two-ingredient naan: Self-rising flour: You'll need 1 ¼ cups of self-rising flour. If you only have all-purpose flour on hand, you can make a DIY version with just a few ingredients. Yogurt: Plain Greek yogurt holds the naan dough together and ensures a tender texture.

What is naan traditionally made in? ›

Naan is a soft, pillowy flatbread traditionally baked in a tandoor. This cylindrical clay or metal oven, prevalent in restaurant kitchens across the Indian subcontinent, the Middle East, and Central Asia, reaches scorching temperatures, imparting a distinct smoky flavor to foods.

What is the name of the flour in naan? ›

Flatbreads are an important staple in South Asian cuisine. One of the most familiar South Asian flatbreads are naan, which are leavened and typically made of maida, a refined wheat flour.

Is naan bread Chinese or Indian? ›

Naan is an Indian flatbread made from wheat dough, which is traditionally baked against the side of a tandoor oven and then coated with ghee (clarified butter). It is often served as a side dish to curries and other main meals. Naan is mainly eaten in the Punjab region and the north of the country.

What came first, naan or pita? ›

An older bread than naan, pita originated in the Middle East some 4,000 years ago. Pita is a Greek word that can be translated to mean bread or pie. Over time, pita spread to the wheat-eating regions of Europe, Asia, and Africa.

Where was Nan created? ›

Nan is a unique style of flatbread that originated in India. It became famous in restaurants in South Asia and also consumed eventually around the globe. As time goes by, this flatbread has been elevated by food enthusiasts and chefs by putting different flavours and fillings.

What is the history of Indian bread? ›

Chapathis and rotis date back to the Harappan civilisation in India. They even find mention in Tulsidas's Ram Charitamanas in the 16th century, where it is said to resemble the katori that it was served in and was known as 'Rotika'.

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